Assignment for Lesson 2.3 Laws of learning & Theories of learning

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 Assignment for Lesson 2.3

  • Why learning and living are co-existent?
  • What are the main theories of learning?
  • Which of the laws of learning are applied in the following steps of learning?
      • Presentation step
      • Application step
      • Testing step
  • Explain insight learning theory experiment?

 


Why learning and living are co-existent?

Ans.: Learning and living are co-existent because learning is a continuous process that occurs throughout our lives. We learn from our experiences, interactions with people, and exposure to new information. As we learn, we acquire knowledge, skills, and attitudes that we apply in our daily lives, making our learning relevant and practical. Living provides opportunities for learning, and learning enriches our lives by enhancing our understanding of ourselves, others, and the world around us.

What are the main theories of learning?

Ans.: There are several main theories of learning, including behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and humanism. Behaviorism emphasizes the role of the environment in shaping behavior, while cognitivism focuses on the mental processes involved in learning. Constructivism emphasizes the active role of learners in constructing their own knowledge, and humanism emphasizes the importance of personal growth and self-actualization.

Which of the laws of learning are applied in the following steps of learning?

  • Presentation step
  • Application step
  • Testing step

The three primary laws of learning are:

Law of Readiness: The learner must be willing and prepared to learn.

Law of Exercise: The more the learned material is practiced, the stronger the connection becomes.

Law of Effect: Positive outcomes strengthen the learning process, while negative outcomes weaken it.

The application of these laws can vary depending on the specific learning situation, but generally:

a) Presentation Step: The Law of Readiness applies here, as learners must be ready and willing to receive new information. The Law of Effect can also apply if the presentation is engaging and interesting.

b) Application Step: The Law of Exercise is relevant here, as learners apply what they have learned through repetition and practice to reinforce the connections between neurons in the brain.

c) Testing Step: The Law of Effect is most applicable here, as the outcomes of the test, whether positive or negative, will strengthen or weaken the connections between neurons and therefore impact future learning. The Law of Exercise can also apply if the test is a form of practice, and the Law of Readiness may apply if the learner is motivated to perform well on the test.

Explain insight learning theory experiment?

Ans.: Insight learning theory was developed by Wolfgang Köhler, who conducted experiments on chimpanzees to study problem-solving behavior. In one experiment, he placed bananas outside a cage that a chimp was in, and gave the chimp several sticks and boxes to use as tools to reach the bananas. The chimp tried several methods, but was unsuccessful in reaching the bananas. However, after some time, the chimp suddenly had an insight, and used a stick to reach the bananas by joining two sticks together. This experiment demonstrated that learning can occur suddenly through insight, rather than through trial-and-error or conditioning.

 

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Sure, here are some frequently asked questions (FAQs) that could be relevant to this lesson:

  • What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

Intrinsic motivation refers to the internal drive or interest that comes from within a person, while extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards or incentives, such as grades, praise, or material goods.

  • How can an instructor motivate students who seem disinterested or unmotivated?

An instructor can try different techniques such as making the material more engaging, using positive reinforcement, connecting the material to the students' interests, providing individual attention, and offering meaningful feedback.

  • How important is a positive learning environment to student motivation?

A positive learning environment is crucial to student motivation because it can help foster a sense of belonging, safety, and support. When students feel valued and respected, they are more likely to engage in the learning process.

  • What role do goals play in student motivation?

Goals can help motivate students by providing a clear direction and purpose for their learning. Setting achievable and meaningful goals can help students feel a sense of accomplishment and progress, which can increase their motivation to learn.

  • How does the readiness to learn affect the learning process?

The readiness to learn can affect the learning process because it can impact the learner's engagement, attention, and retention of new information. When a learner is mentally, emotionally, and physically prepared to learn, they are more likely to be receptive and engaged in the learning process.